IGCSE English Language 0500 - 2. Directed Writing and Composition

Objective: Organise and structure ideas and opinions for deliberate effect.

Understanding Directed Writing

Directed writing is a common task in the IGCSE English Language exam. It requires you to write a piece of text based on a specific prompt or set of instructions. These prompts often ask you to present a particular viewpoint, describe a situation, or persuade an audience. The key is to follow the instructions carefully and structure your writing effectively to achieve the desired effect.

Key Features of Directed Writing Tasks

• Clear instructions: The prompt will explicitly state what you need to write.
• Specific audience: You'll often be writing for a particular group of people.
• Defined purpose: The writing will have a clear aim, such as to inform, persuade, or describe.
• Word count limitations: You'll usually have a specified word count.

Structuring Your Ideas

Effective structure is crucial for directed writing. Here are some common structural approaches:

Paragraphing

Divide your text into paragraphs, each focusing on a single idea. This helps to organise your thoughts logically and makes your writing easier to read.

Introduction

The introduction should:

• Introduce the topic.
• State your main idea or argument (thesis statement).
• Provide a brief overview of what you'll discuss.

Body Paragraphs

Each body paragraph should:

• Start with a topic sentence that introduces the main point of the paragraph.
• Provide evidence, examples, or explanations to support your topic sentence.
• Use linking words and phrases to connect your ideas.

Conclusion

The conclusion should:

• Summarise your main points.
• Restate your main idea in a new way.
• Leave the reader with a final thought or impression.

Common Structural Approaches

Structure	Description	Suitable for
Argumentative	Presents a clear argument with supporting evidence.	Tasks requiring persuasion or the presentation of a viewpoint.
Descriptive	Uses vivid language and sensory details to create a picture in the reader's mind.	Tasks requiring detailed description of a place, person, or event.
Narrative	Tells a story with a beginning, middle, and end.	Tasks involving storytelling or recounting an event.
Expository	Explains a topic clearly and informatively.	Tasks requiring the presentation of facts or explanations.

Developing Your Opinions

When you're asked to present an opinion, it's important to:

• Clearly state your opinion.
• Provide reasons to support your opinion.
• Consider and address counter-arguments.
• Use persuasive language and techniques.

Persuasive Language Techniques

• Rhetorical questions: Questions asked for effect, not requiring an answer.
• Emotional language: Words that evoke feelings in the reader.
• Repetition: Repeating words or phrases for emphasis.
• Strong verbs and adjectives: Using vivid and impactful language.
• Addressing the reader directly: Using "you" to engage the reader.

Planning Your Writing

Before you start writing, it's always a good idea to plan your ideas. This will help you to stay organised and ensure that your writing is focused and coherent.

Planning Methods

• Mind maps: A visual way to organise your ideas.
• Outlines: A structured list of your main points and supporting details.
• Bullet points: A simple way to jot down key ideas.

Reviewing and Editing

After you've finished writing, take the time to review and edit your work. Check for:

• Grammar and punctuation errors.
• Spelling mistakes.
• Clarity and coherence.
• Whether you have fully addressed the prompt.