what profit is

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Profit - IGCSE Business Studies

5.3.1 What is Profit and why it is important

What is Profit?

Profit is the financial gain a business makes after deducting all its costs. It represents the difference between the total revenue earned and the total costs incurred.

In simpler terms, if a business sells goods or services for more than it costs to produce and sell them, it makes a profit.

The formula for calculating profit is:

Profit = Total Revenue - Total Costs

Where:

  • Total Revenue is the total amount of money a business receives from selling its products or services.
  • Total Costs include all the expenses a business incurs, such as:
  • Fixed Costs: Costs that do not change with the level of production (e.g., rent, salaries).
  • Variable Costs: Costs that change with the level of production (e.g., raw materials, direct labor).
  • Total Fixed Costs: The sum of all fixed costs.
  • Total Variable Costs: The sum of all variable costs.
  • Total Costs = Total Fixed Costs + Total Variable Costs

Why is Profit Important?

Profit is crucial for the survival and growth of a business. Here's why:

  1. Survival: Profitability ensures a business can cover its expenses and continue operating. Without profit, a business will eventually fail.
  2. Growth and Expansion: Profit provides the funds needed to expand the business, such as opening new branches, developing new products, or increasing marketing efforts.
  3. Investment: Profit can be reinvested back into the business to improve efficiency, upgrade equipment, or fund research and development.
  4. Attracting Investors: A profitable business is more likely to attract investors who are looking for a good return on their investment.
  5. Reward for Risk: Profit is a reward for the risks taken by the business owner and employees.
  6. Employee Rewards: Profits can be distributed to employees in the form of bonuses or higher wages.
Factor Description
Profit The financial gain after deducting all costs from total revenue.
Total Revenue The total amount of money earned from sales.
Total Costs All expenses incurred by the business.
Fixed Costs Costs that do not change with production levels.
Variable Costs Costs that change with production levels.
Importance of Profit Essential for survival, growth, investment, and attracting investors.
Suggested diagram: A simple illustration showing Total Revenue, Total Costs, and the resulting Profit.