Primary storage is a type of computer memory that directly addresses by an address. It is used to hold data and instructions that the CPU is actively using. Primary storage is much faster than secondary storage.
Types of Primary Storage
There are two main types of primary storage:
RAM (Random Access Memory): This is the most common type of primary storage. It allows data to be accessed in any order, making it very fast. RAM is volatile, meaning that the data stored in it is lost when the power is turned off.
ROM (Read-Only Memory): This type of memory stores data that cannot be easily changed. It is typically used to store the instructions that the computer needs to start up (the BIOS). ROM is non-volatile, meaning that the data stored in it is retained even when the power is turned off.
RAM in Detail
RAM is essential for the operation of a computer. When a program is loaded into memory, it is stored in RAM. The CPU can then access the data and instructions in RAM very quickly. There are different types of RAM, including:
DRAM (Dynamic RAM): This is the most common type of RAM. It needs to be refreshed periodically to retain the data stored in it.
SRAM (Static RAM): This type of RAM is faster and more expensive than DRAM. It does not need to be refreshed as often as DRAM.
ROM in Detail
ROM is used for storing firmware, which is software that is permanently stored in the computer. Examples of firmware stored in ROM include the BIOS and the firmware for embedded systems.
Comparison Table
Feature
RAM
ROM
Volatility
Volatile
Non-volatile
Read/Write
Read and Write
Read only (typically)
Speed
Fast
Relatively slow
Cost
Relatively inexpensive
More expensive
Suggested diagram: A diagram showing RAM and ROM modules connected to the motherboard of a computer.
Key Concepts
Address: A unique identifier for each location in memory.
Data Bus: The pathway used to transfer data between the CPU and memory.
Address Bus: The pathway used to specify the location of data in memory.
Control Bus: The pathway used to control the operation of memory.