tag including to apply styles and classes

Be able to use validation routines to minimise data entry errors

Be able to wrap text around a table, chart or image including above, below, square and tight

Be able to wrap text within cells so that all data is fully visible

Know and understand advantages and disadvantages of the different types of computer including portability and expandability

Know and understand advantages and disadvantages of the different types of operating systems

Know and understand advantages and disadvantages of using cloud storage compared to other methods

Know and understand advantages and disadvantages of using computer controlled systems rather than humans

Know and understand advantages and disadvantages of using computer modelling rather than humans

Know and understand analysing the needs of an audience when creating ICT solutions

Know and understand applications software provides the services that the user requires to solve a task

Know and understand avoiding password interception by using up to date anti-spyware and regularly changing passwords

Know and understand biometrics including the use of biometric data

Know and understand card fraud including shoulder surfing, card cloning, key logging

Know and understand characteristics and effect of threats to data including hacking, phishing, pharming, smishing, vishing, viruses, malware, card fraud

Know and understand characteristics and effects of spam email including the methods which can be used to help prevent spam

Know and understand characteristics and methods of protecting data including biometrics, digital certificate, secure socket layer (SSL), encryption, firewall, two-factor authentication, user id and password

Know and understand characteristics and use of absolute and relative cell referencing

Know and understand characteristics and uses of communication media including newsletters, posters, websites, multimedia presentations, audio, video, media streaming and ePublications

Know and understand characteristics and uses of computers in the retail industry including point of sale (POS) terminals and electronic funds transfer at point of sale (EFTPOS) terminals

Know and understand characteristics and uses of file formats including css, csv, gif, htm, .jpg, .pdf, .png, .rtf, .txt, .zip, .rar

Know and understand characteristics and uses of patient records, pharmacy records

Know and understand characteristics of a desktop computer

Know and understand characteristics of a style and a class including the difference between them

Know and understand characteristics of analogue and digital data

Know and understand characteristics of backing storage

Know and understand characteristics of cascading stylesheets including the difference between attached stylesheets and inline style attributes, the hierarchy of multiple attached stylesheets and inline styles within a web page

Know and understand characteristics of good form design

Know and understand characteristics of input and output devices

Know and understand characteristics of mobile computers including laptop computers, smartphones, tablet and phablet computers

Know and understand characteristics of operating systems including Command Line Interface (CLI), Graphical User Interface (GUI), dialogue based and gesture based interface

Know and understand characteristics of personal and sensitive data including personal name, address, date of birth, a photograph in school uniform, medical history

Know and understand characteristics of primary key and foreign keys

Know and understand characteristics of ROM and RAM

Know and understand characteristics, advantages and disadvantages of internet shopping

Know and understand characteristics, uses and constraints of email communication including acceptable language, guidelines set by an employer, the need for security, netiquette, email groups, carbon copy (cc), blind carbon copy (bcc), forward, attach

Know and understand characteristics, uses and purpose of an extranet, intranet and the internet

Know and understand characteristics, uses and purpose of expert systems including mineral prospecting, car engine fault diagnosis, medical diagnosis, chess games, financial planning, route scheduling for delivery vehicles, plant and animal identifica

Know and understand characteristics, uses and purpose of technical and user documentation

Know and understand characteristics, uses, advantages and disadvantages of a flat file and a relational database

Know and understand characteristics, uses, advantages and disadvantages of Automatic Teller Machines (ATM) including withdrawing cash, depositing cash or cheques, checking account balance, mini statements, bill paying, money transfers

Know and understand characteristics, uses, advantages and disadvantages of biometric recognition including face, iris, retina, finger, thumb, hand, voice

Know and understand characteristics, uses, advantages and disadvantages of direct data entry devices including magnetic stripe reader, chip and PIN reader, Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) reader, Optical Mark Recognition/Reader (OMR), Optical C

Know and understand characteristics, uses, advantages and disadvantages of Electronic Funds Transfer (EFT), credit/debit card transactions, cheques, internet banking

Know and understand characteristics, uses, advantages and disadvantages of input devices including keyboard, numeric keypad, pointing devices, remote control, joystick/driving wheel, touch screen (as an input device), scanners, camera, microphone, se

Know and understand characteristics, uses, advantages and disadvantages of Near Field Communication (NFC) including payment using a smartphone

Know and understand characteristics, uses, advantages and disadvantages of online booking systems including travel industry, concerts, cinemas, sporting events

Know and understand characteristics, uses, advantages and disadvantages of Optical Character Recognition (OCR) including automated number plate recognition (ANPR) systems

Know and understand characteristics, uses, advantages and disadvantages of Optical Mark Recognition (OMR) including school registers, multiple-choice examination papers, barcode, QR code

Know and understand characteristics, uses, advantages and disadvantages of output devices including monitors, touch screen (as an output device), multimedia projector, laser printer, inkjet printer, dot matrix printer, plotter, 3D printers, speaker,

Know and understand characteristics, uses, advantages and disadvantages of Radio Frequency Identification Device (RFID) including tracking stock, passports, automobiles, contactless payment

Know and understand characteristics, uses, advantages and disadvantages of satellite systems including Global Positioning Systems (GPS), satellite navigation, Geographic Information Systems (GIS), media communication systems (satellite television, sa

Know and understand characteristics, uses, advantages and disadvantages of storage media including magnetic, optical and solid-state

Know and understand characteristics, uses, advantages and disadvantages of the four methods of implementation, direct changeover, parallel running, pilot running, phased implementation

Know and understand characteristics, uses, advantages and disadvantages of the research methods of observation, interviews, questionnaires and examination of existing documents

Know and understand characteristics, uses, advantages and disadvantages of using the internet including the differences between the internet, an intranet, an extranet and the World Wide Web (WWW), blog, forum, wiki, social networking

Know and understand characteristics, uses, advantages and disadvantages of video-conferencing, audio-conferencing, web-conferencing

Know and understand characteristics, uses, media, advantages and disadvantages of storage devices including magnetic, optical and solid-state

Know and understand common network devices including network interface cards (NIC), hubs, bridges, switches

Know and understand comparing the solution with the original task requirements, identifying any limitations and necessary improvements to the system, evaluating the users' responses to the results of testing the system

Know and understand components of an expert system: user interface, inference engine, knowledge base, rules base, explanation system

Know and understand components of technical documentation including purpose of the system/program, limitations of the system, program listing, program language, program flowcharts/algorithms, system flowcharts, hardware and software requirements, fil

Know and understand components of user documentation including purpose of the system, limitations of the system, hardware and software requirements, how to load/run/install software, how to save a file, how to print data, how to add records, how to d

Know and understand computer controlled systems including robotics in manufacture, production line control, autonomous vehicles

Know and understand computer modelling including personal finance, bridge and building design, flood water management, traffic management, weather forecasting

Know and understand connecting a device to a network using Bluetooth

Know and understand connecting a device to a network using wi-fi

Know and understand designing file/data structures, input formats, output formats and validation routines

Know and understand differences between analogue and digital data

Know and understand differences between backing storage and internal memory

Know and understand differences between input and output devices

Know and understand differences between ROM and RAM

Know and understand differences between types of operating systems

Know and understand digital certificate including its purpose and contents

Know and understand electronic funds transfer at point of sale (EFTPOS) terminals including checking of the validity of cards, the use of chip and PIN, the use of contactless cards, the use of Near Field Communication (NFC) payment, the communication

Know and understand encryption including its purpose for the protection of data on hard discs, email, cloud, HTTPS websites

Know and understand evaluating a solution including the efficiency of the solution, the ease of use of the solution, and the appropriateness of the solution

Know and understand evaluating the information found on the internet including how up to date, reliable, biased and valid this information is

Know and understand examples of applications software including word processing, spreadsheet, database management systems, control, measurement, applets and apps, video editing, graphics editing, audio editing, computer aided design (CAD)

Know and understand examples of system software including compilers, linkers, device drivers, operating systems and utilities

Know and understand file/data structures including field length, field name, data type, coding of data for example M for male, F for female

Know and understand firewall including its purpose

Know and understand fixed and portable solid-state drive (SSD) including SSD, pen drive, flash drive

Know and understand functionality including Internet Service Provider (ISP), structure of a web address, Uniform Resource Locator (URL), hyperlink, web browser

Know and understand hacking including the measures that must be taken in order to protect data

Know and understand hardware as the physical components of a computer system

Know and understand hardware components including graphics card, sound card, Network Interface Card (NIC), camera, internal/external storage devices, input and output devices

Know and understand health issues including repetitive strain injury (RSI), back problems, eye problems, headaches

Know and understand how an expert system is used to produce possible solutions for different scenarios

Know and understand how data is stored, managed and shared using cloud computing

Know and understand identifying and justifying suitable hardware and software for the new system

Know and understand impact of emerging technologies on everyday life including Artificial Intelligence (AI), extended reality (virtual and augmented)

Know and understand importance, characteristics and uses of appropriate validation including range check, character check, length check, type check, format check, presence check

Know and understand importance, characteristics and uses of verification including visual checking and double data entry to reduce data entry errors

Know and understand input formats including data capture forms

Know and understand internal components including Central Processing Unit (CPU), processor, motherboard

Know and understand internal memory including random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM)

Know and understand internet protocols including HyperText Transfer Protocol (HTTP), HyperText Transfer Protocol secure variant (HTTPS), File Transfer Protocol (FTP), Secure Socket Layer (SSL)

Know and understand Local Area Network (LAN), Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN), Wide Area Network (WAN) and the differences between these networks

Know and understand magnetic drives including fixed and portable magnetic hard drives, magnetic tape drives

Know and understand magnetic drives including magnetic hard disks, magnetic tape

Know and understand medical applications including printing of prosthetics, tissue engineering, artificial blood vessels, customised medicines

Know and understand minimising the potential danger of using email including an awareness of the potential dangers of opening or replying to an email from an unknown person, an awareness of the risks associated with sending personal identifiable data

Know and understand minimising the potential danger of using online gaming including not using real names, not giving out personal or financial data

Know and understand minimising the potential danger of using social media including knowing how to block and report unwanted users, an awareness of the potential dangers of meeting an online contact face to face, avoiding the distribution of inapprop

Know and understand minimising the potential danger of using the internet including only using trusted websites recommended by teachers, using a search engine that only allows access to age appropriate websites

Know and understand optical discs including CD, DVD, Blu-ray

Know and understand optical drives including CD, DVD, Blu-ray

Know and understand other authentication methods including zero login, biometric methods, magnetic stripes, smart cards, physical tokens, electronic tokens

Know and understand output formats including screen layouts and report layouts

Know and understand phishing, pharming, smishing, vishing including the methods that can be used to help prevent them

Know and understand planning ICT solutions that are responsive to and respectful of the needs of an audience

Know and understand point of sale (POS) terminals including updating stock files automatically and ordering new stock automatically

Know and understand privacy and confidentiality of data transfer

Know and understand purpose and uses of a corporate house style

Know and understand relative file path and absolute file path including the reason absolute file paths must not be used for hyperlinks to locally saved web pages/objects

Know and understand risks of using the internet including inappropriate and criminal material, restricting data through parental, educational and ISP control

Know and understand safety issues including electrocution from spilling drinks near electrical equipment and touching live cables, fire from sockets being overloaded or equipment overheating, tripping over trailing cables, heavy equipment falling and

Know and understand scanning the data/software when downloading

Know and understand scanning the storage media used to transfer data

Know and understand school management systems are used to manage learner registration and attendance

Know and understand school management systems are used to record learner performance including computer aided learning

Know and understand secure socket layer (SSL) including encrypted links between the server and the client computer

Know and understand showing a clear sense of audience and purpose

Know and understand similarities and differences between Bluetooth and wi-fi

Know and understand software as programs for controlling the operation of a computer or processing of electronic data

Know and understand solid-state media including memory cards (SD, xD, CFast)

Know and understand system software provides the services that the computer requires to operate

Know and understand test designs including the testing of data structures, file structures, input formats, output formats and validation routines

Know and understand test designs, test strategies, test plan (test data, expected outcomes, actual outcomes, remedial action) following testing

Know and understand test strategies including to test each module, each function and the whole system

Know and understand that automated suggestions given by spell check software do not always give the correct response

Know and understand that reducing the file size can be achieved by reducing the image resolution or colour depth

Know and understand the behaviour layer is for a scripting language to control elements within a web page

Know and understand the causes of these health issues and strategies for preventing them

Know and understand the causes of these safety issues and strategies for preventing them

Know and understand the characteristics, uses and issues relating to cloud computing

Know and understand the concept of a bookmark including methods of creating a bookmark within a web page

Know and understand the content layer is used to enter the content and create the structure of a web page

Know and understand the definition, characteristics and use of test data using normal, abnormal and extreme data

Know and understand the difference between a formula and a function

Know and understand the differences and similarities between an extranet, intranet and the internet

Know and understand the differences between strong and weak passwords

Know and understand the function of a hyperlink

Know and understand the function of an anchor

Know and understand the function of metatags including to define the charset, keywords for search engines, the author of the web page, a description of the web page, the viewport (to make your web page display on all devices)

Know and understand the hardware, software and network connection required to set up each type of electronic conference

Know and understand the methods that software producers employ to prevent software copyright legislation being broken

Know and understand the need for copyright legislation and the principles of copyright relating to computer software (e.g. software piracy)

Know and understand the need for eSafety when using the internet, email, social media, online gaming

Know and understand the need for generic file formats

Know and understand the need for personal data to be kept confidential and protected to avoid inappropriate disclosure

Know and understand the need for validation as well as verification

Know and understand the need to convert analogue to digital data so it can be processed by a computer

Know and understand the need to convert digital data to analogue data so it can be used to control devices

Know and understand the need to identify the inputs, outputs and processing of the current system, problems with the current system, the user and information requirements for the new system

Know and understand the need to reduce file sizes for storage or transmission

Know and understand the need to test the system before implementation

Know and understand the operation and purpose of a router including connecting networks and devices to the internet, storing computer addresses in a router, routing data packets

Know and understand the operation of removing/quarantining viruses using up to date software

Know and understand the order in which mathematical operations are performed including the use brackets to make sure that formulae work

Know and understand the positive and negative effects of microprocessors/smart devices in monitoring and controlling devices in the home including the impact on lifestyle, leisure time, physical fitness, security of data, the degree of social interac

Know and understand the positive and negative effects of microprocessors/smart devices in monitoring and controlling transport including security of data, autonomous vehicles, transport safety

Know and understand the presentation layer is used to display and format elements within a web page

Know and understand the principles of a typical data protection act and why data protection legislation is required

Know and understand the purpose of headers and footers

Know and understand the purpose of setting gutter margins

Know and understand the purpose of setting page, section and column breaks

Know and understand the purpose of the head and body sections of a web page

Know and understand the reason relative file paths must be used for attached stylesheets

Know and understand the reason tables are used to structure elements within a web page

Know and understand the role of the CPU in processing instructions entered into the computer in order to produce an output

Know and understand the use of anti-malware and anti-virus software

Know and understand the use of live data

Know and understand the use of mobile devices for communication including SMS messaging, phone calls, voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP), video calls, accessing the internet

Know and understand the uses of wi-fi and Bluetooth

Know and understand two-factor authentication including its purpose and function

Know and understand use of search engine including speed of searching, amount of information, the speed of finding relevant information, ease of finding reliable information

Know and understand user id and password including how they are used to increase the security of data

Know and understand uses of a desktop computer including office and business management, education, gaming and entertainment

Know and understand uses of mobile computers including office and business management, education, gaming, entertainment and remotely controlled devices

Know and understand validation routines including range check, character check, length check, type check, format check, presence check, check digit

Know and understand viruses and malware including how to take preventative action to avoid the danger of infecting a computer from a downloaded file