11 File management (3)
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Information Communication Technology ICT
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1.
A student has a large video file (2GB) that they need to email to their teacher. Suggest two different methods the student could use to reduce the file size before sending it. Explain the advantages and disadvantages of each method.
Here are two methods the student could use to reduce the video file size:
- Video Compression: The student could use video editing software (e.g., Windows Movie Maker, iMovie, or online video compressors) to re-encode the video using a more efficient video codec (e.g., H.264 or H.265).
- Advantages: Significant file size reduction is possible. Modern codecs offer a good balance between quality and size.
- Disadvantages: Re-encoding takes time and may slightly reduce video quality if compression settings are too aggressive. Requires video editing software.
- Reduce Video Resolution and Frame Rate: The student could reduce the video's resolution (e.g., from 1920x1080 to 1280x720) and/or the frame rate (e.g., from 30fps to 24fps).
- Advantages: Relatively easy to do using video editing software. Can significantly reduce file size.
- Disadvantages: Lowering resolution and frame rate will reduce video quality. May not be suitable if the video requires high visual fidelity.
2.
Question 2: Describe the uses of the .JPEG and .PNG file formats. What are the advantages and disadvantages of each format, particularly in relation to image quality and file size?
Answer: .JPEG (Joint Photographic Experts Group) is a lossy compression format primarily used for photographs. It achieves smaller file sizes by discarding some image data. This can result in a loss of image quality, especially with high compression levels. JPEG is excellent for images with complex colors and gradients, such as photographs, where a slight loss of detail is often imperceptible.
.PNG (Portable Network Graphics) is a lossless compression format. It preserves all the original image data, resulting in higher image quality compared to JPEG. PNG is particularly suitable for images with sharp lines, text, and graphics, such as logos, icons, and illustrations. PNG also supports transparency, making it ideal for web graphics where images need to blend seamlessly with the background.
Here's a comparison:
| Format | .JPEG | .PNG |
| Compression | Lossy | Lossless |
| Image Quality | Can degrade with compression | Maintains original quality |
| File Size | Generally smaller | Generally larger |
| Best Use | Photographs | Logos, icons, graphics, images with transparency |
3.
A student has created a document containing a report on the school's website traffic for the month of June. They need to save this document to a folder on their computer. Explain three reasons why it is important to use appropriate file names when saving this document.
It is important to use appropriate file names for several reasons:
- Easy Identification: A descriptive file name allows the student and others to quickly identify the content of the file without needing to open it. For example, "JuneWebsiteTraffic_Report.docx" clearly indicates the report's subject and date.
- Organization: Consistent and logical file names help keep files organized within folders. This makes it easier to find specific files later. A consistent naming convention (e.g., DateSubjectVersion) is beneficial.
- Avoids Confusion: Using generic file names like "Document1.docx" or "Report.docx" can lead to confusion, especially if multiple similar documents exist. Appropriate names differentiate files and prevent accidental overwriting.