18 Databases (3)
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Information Communication Technology ICT
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1.
Question 1
A school is collecting data on the number of students participating in different extracurricular activities. The data collected is shown below. Produce a report displaying this data clearly, including appropriate labels and a title. The report should be suitable for presentation to the school principal.
Data:
- Drama Club: 45 students
- Sports Club: 62 students
- Debating Society: 38 students
- Music Club: 55 students
Model Answer 1
Extracurricular Activity Participation Report
Date: October 26, 2023
This report presents the number of students participating in various extracurricular activities at the school. The data was collected over the past term.
Data Summary:
Activity | Number of Students |
Drama Club | 45 |
Sports Club | 62 |
Debating Society | 38 |
Music Club | 55 |
Conclusion: The Sports Club has the highest participation rate, with 62 students. Further investigation could explore reasons for this popularity.
2.
You are designing a database to store information about products. Each product has a 'Price' and a 'Discount Percentage'. You want to create a calculated field called 'Discounted Price' that automatically calculates the discounted price for each product. Write the formula for the calculated field 'Discounted Price'. Assume the discount percentage is entered as a decimal (e.g., 0.1 for 10%).
Formula: Discounted Price = Price * (1 - Discount Percentage)
Example: If a product has a Price of £20 and a Discount Percentage of 0.15 (15%), the formula would be: £20 * (1 - 0.15) = £20 * 0.85 = £17.00
Answer: The formula for the calculated field 'Discounted Price' is: Discounted Price = Price * (1 - Discount Percentage)
3.
A small business is currently using a flat file to store customer data (name, address, phone number). The business owner is considering switching to a relational database. Explain the benefits of using a relational database in this situation, and outline the steps involved in designing a relational database to store the same customer data. Use a table to illustrate the database design.
Benefits of a Relational Database for Customer Data:
- Reduced Redundancy: Customer information (e.g., address) will only be stored once, eliminating potential inconsistencies.
- Improved Data Integrity: Constraints can be used to ensure that data is valid (e.g., phone number format).
- Easier Data Management: Complex queries can be used to retrieve and analyze customer data more efficiently.
- Scalability: The database can easily accommodate a growing number of customers.
Database Design Steps:
- Identify Entities: The main entity is 'Customer'.
- Define Attributes: Attributes of a customer include CustomerID (primary key), Name, Address, Phone Number, Email.
- Create a Table: Create a table named 'Customers' with the attributes defined above.
- Establish Relationships (if needed): If the business needs to store order information, a separate 'Orders' table would be created and linked to the 'Customers' table using a foreign key (CustomerID).
Relational Database Design (Customers Table):
CustomerID | Name | Address | PhoneNumber | Email |
INT (Primary Key) | VARCHAR(255) | VARCHAR(255) | VARCHAR(20) | VARCHAR(255) |