ICT 0417 - ICT Applications

6. Computer Modelling vs Humans

This section explores the advantages and disadvantages of using computer modelling as an alternative to human analysis and prediction. We will examine scenarios where computer modelling offers benefits and situations where human expertise remains crucial.

What is Computer Modelling?

Computer modelling involves creating a virtual representation of a real-world system or process using computer software. This model can then be used to simulate the system's behavior, test different scenarios, and make predictions.

Advantages of Computer Modelling over Humans

• Speed and Efficiency: Computers can perform calculations and simulations much faster than humans, allowing for quicker analysis of complex problems.
• Accuracy and Consistency: Computer models are less prone to human error, leading to more accurate and consistent results.
• Handling Large Datasets: Computers can easily process and analyze vast amounts of data that would be time-consuming or impossible for humans to handle.
• Testing Extreme Conditions: Computer models can simulate conditions that are too dangerous or expensive to test in the real world (e.g., nuclear reactor design, aircraft stress testing).
• Scenario Analysis: Models allow for the rapid evaluation of multiple potential outcomes based on different input parameters.

Disadvantages of Computer Modelling compared to Humans

• Initial Cost and Complexity: Developing and implementing computer models can be expensive and require specialized expertise.
• Model Validation: Models are only as good as the data and assumptions they are based on. Validating the model's accuracy can be challenging.
• Lack of Intuition and Common Sense: Computer models lack the intuition, common sense, and adaptability of human experts.
• Over-reliance on Models: There is a risk of over-relying on model predictions without considering other factors or human judgment.
• Black Box Problem: Some complex models can be difficult to understand, making it hard to identify the reasons behind their predictions.

Comparison Table: Computer Modelling vs Humans

Feature	Computer Modelling	Humans
Speed	Very Fast	Slow
Accuracy	Potentially High (dependent on model)	Variable (prone to error)
Data Handling	Excellent	Limited
Cost	High (initial development)	Lower (salaries)
Intuition	Lacks	Possesses
Adaptability	Limited	High
Complex Systems	Suitable	Can be challenging
Repetitive Tasks	Excellent	Can become tedious

Examples of Computer Modelling Applications

1. Weather Forecasting: Complex weather models are used to predict future weather patterns.
2. Financial Modelling: Models are used to assess investment risks and predict market trends.
3. Engineering Design: Computer simulations are used to test the design of bridges, buildings, and aircraft.
4. Medical Diagnosis: Models can assist in diagnosing diseases and predicting patient outcomes.
5. Traffic Management: Simulations are used to optimize traffic flow and reduce congestion.

In conclusion, computer modelling offers significant advantages in terms of speed, accuracy, and data handling. However, it's important to recognize the limitations and avoid over-reliance on models. Human expertise remains essential for model development, validation, and interpretation, especially when intuition, common sense, and adaptability are required.