Input and Output Devices

Computer systems rely on devices to receive information (input) and present results (output). Understanding the difference between these is fundamental to ICT.

Input Devices

Input devices allow us to enter data and instructions into a computer. They convert real-world information into a format the computer can understand – binary code.

• Keyboard: Used for typing text and entering commands.
• Mouse: A pointing device used to interact with the graphical user interface (GUI).
• Microphone: Converts sound waves into electrical signals for recording or communication.
• Scanner: Converts printed documents or images into digital format.
• Webcam: Captures video and still images, often used for video conferencing.
• Touchscreen: Allows direct interaction with the computer by touching the screen.
• Joystick/Game Controller: Used for controlling movement and actions in games.
• Biometric Scanners (Fingerprint, Facial Recognition): Used for security and identification.

Output Devices

Output devices present information processed by the computer to the user in a human-readable or usable format. They convert binary code into a form we can understand.

• Monitor: Displays visual output, such as text, images, and videos.
• Printer: Produces hard copies of documents and images.
• Speakers: Convert electrical signals into sound.
• Projector: Displays images and videos onto a large screen.
• Headphones: Deliver audio directly to the user.
• Plotter: Used for creating large format drawings and diagrams.
• Braille Display: Outputs text in Braille for visually impaired users.

Comparison Table

The choice of input and output devices depends on the specific task the computer system is designed for.