ICT 0417 - Networks: Extranet, Intranet, Internet

This section explores the different types of networks and their effects on how information is shared and accessed. We will focus on understanding the distinctions and similarities between an intranet, an extranet, and the public internet.

Understanding Networks

A network is a collection of devices (computers, servers, smartphones, etc.) that are connected together to share resources and information. Networks can be categorized based on their scope and accessibility.

Intranet

Definition

An intranet is a private network accessible only to a specific organization's users. It's essentially a private website accessible within the organization's boundaries.

Characteristics

• Accessible only to authorized users within the organization.
• Uses technologies similar to the internet (e.g., web servers, web browsers).
• Used for internal communication, sharing documents, and accessing internal applications.
• Often provides a secure platform for collaboration and information sharing among employees.

Example

A company's internal website where employees can find company policies, access shared files, and communicate with colleagues.

Extranet

Definition

An extranet is a controlled network that allows selected external users (e.g., customers, suppliers, partners) to access specific parts of an organization's intranet.

Characteristics

• Allows limited access to specific parts of the organization's network for external parties.
• Often used for business-to-business (B2B) communication and collaboration.
• Requires user authentication and authorization to ensure security.
• Can facilitate online ordering, customer support, and partner collaboration.

Example

A supplier being able to access a company's inventory system to check stock levels or place orders.

Internet

Definition

The internet is a global public network of interconnected computer networks. It's the largest network in the world, accessible to anyone with an internet connection.

Characteristics

• Publicly accessible to anyone with an internet connection.
• Uses a standardized set of protocols (e.g., TCP/IP) for communication.
• Provides access to a vast amount of information, services, and resources.
• Requires internet service providers (ISPs) for connectivity.

Example

The World Wide Web, email, online shopping, and social media are all part of the internet.

Comparison Table

Feature	Intranet	Extranet	Internet
Accessibility	Internal users only	Selected external users	Publicly accessible
Scope	Organization-specific	Limited access to organization's network	Global network
Security	High security measures	Controlled access and authentication	Variable security, relies on user security measures
Purpose	Internal communication & resources	Business collaboration with external parties	Information access, communication, services
Example	Company internal website	Supplier access to inventory system	World Wide Web, email

Effects of Using Networks

Using networks has significant effects on organizations and individuals:

• Improved Communication: Networks facilitate faster and more efficient communication within organizations and with external partners.
• Enhanced Collaboration: Shared access to documents and applications enables better teamwork and collaboration.
• Increased Efficiency: Automation of tasks and streamlined workflows can lead to increased productivity.
• Cost Savings: Centralized resources and shared infrastructure can reduce costs.
• Access to Information: The internet provides access to a vast amount of information for research, learning, and business development.
• Security Risks: Networks are vulnerable to security threats such as malware, hacking, and data breaches, requiring robust security measures.